Question

 

Which one of the following explains the practice of *Vattakirutav as mentioned in Sangam poems?

 

A. Kings employing women bodyguards

B. Learned persons assembling in royal courts to discuss religious and philosophical matters

C. Young girls keeping watch over agricultural fields and driving away birds and animals

D. A king defeated in a battle committing ritual suicide by starving himself to death

 

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Answer 

 

The correct answer is D. A king defeated in a battle committing ritual suicide by starving himself to death

 

Vatakkiruttal, also known as Vadakiruthal or vadakiruttal, was a ritualistic practice in ancient Tamil culture involving fasting until death. It gained prominence during the Sangam age. The Tamil kings, driven by their commitment to honor and prestige, were willing to face death while fasting and facing north (Vatakkiruttal). They would never turn their back in battle, upholding a vow known as "nōnpu" in Tamil martial traditions. This practice could be performed individually or as a group, with the captured king's supporters participating.

 

Examples of Vatakkiruttal in the context of friendship can be found in historical accounts. For instance, after the death of King Vēl Pāri in battle, his friend, the poet Kapilar, undertook this act of fasting till death at Kabilar Kundru. Similarly, King Kopperuncholan and his friend, the poet Pisiranthaiyar, also engaged in Vatakkiruttal as an expression of their bond and loyalty.

 

Reference: https://www.studocu.com/in/document/university-of-delhi/history-of-india/the-sangam-age-and-literature-3rd-century-bce3rd-century-ce/46852786